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Plant-based eating has moved solidly into the mainstream over the past decade, and cancer prevention is frequently cited as one of its benefits, both in popular media and in some marketing around plant-based products. The underlying research is genuinely supportive of certain aspects of this claim, but it is more nuanced than a blanket statement that going vegan prevents cancer, and it is worth separating the well- supported components from the more speculative ones.
The strongest evidence relates less to veganism as a strict category and more to the broader pattern of eating more plant foods and less red and processed meat, a distinction that matters for understanding what drives any protective effect.
