Kidney cancer, or renal cancer, originates in the cells of the kidneys. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located on either side of your spine, just below the rib cage. They play a crucial role in filtering blood, removing waste, managing fluid levels, and regulating blood pressure. The most common type of kidney cancer in adults is renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which accounts for approximately 90% of cases. Less common types include transitional cell carcinoma, Wilms’ tumor (primarily affecting children), and renal sarcoma. Early detection is crucial as it offers the best chance for successful treatment. Even while kidney cancer is frequently asymptomatic in its early stages, it can cause symptoms including exhaustion, unexplained weight loss, back or side discomfort, and blood in the urine. Depending on the stage and specific conditions, treatment usually consists of surgery, which may be coupled with additional therapies like radiation or targeted medications. Stage I of kidney cancer is limited to the kidney, whereas Stage IV indicates metastases to other locations.
